Percepción de la vacuna contra la COVID-19 en población colombiana

Abstract

Introduction: The vaccine against COVID-19, although considered as the most competent preventive measure to mitigate morbidity, severity and mortality, being a biological drug has raised different perceptions that involve the influence of different factors such as: personal, social, cultural, spiritual, among others, of individuals and populations, which may affect the decision to adhere to the vaccination of booster doses.

Objective: To evaluate the perception of the vaccine against COVID-19 in the Colombian population from the biopsychosocial-cultural model and the influence of sociodemographic variables and the vaccine itself.

Methods: A questionnaire of biological, psychological and sociocultural factors was designed and applied to 7617 Colombians; in addition to a sociodemographic questionnaire and questions related to the COVID-19 vaccine, principal component analysis, measures of association and multiple linear regression were performed.

Results: It was observed that, although 86.3% of the population is vaccinated against COVID 19, the perception of the vaccine is regular, with predominance of the psychological and biological dimensions, and significant direct associations were found with the educational level, being vaccinated, motivation and conflicts to be vaccinated. It is evident that age, educational level and willingness to be vaccinated managed to significantly explain the perception of the vaccine.

Conclusions: The biopsychosocial model allowed to understand the factors in an integral way as well as separately in front of the perceptions about the vaccine against COVID-19, relevant information to take into account for the vaccination programs in front of the booster doses according to the evolution of the pandemic.